While the sanskara remains, the interpretation is changing. Today’s Indian woman fasts for her husband's health, but she also expects him to wash the dishes. She respects her mother-in-law but draws clear boundaries regarding privacy and child-rearing.
Families remain predominantly patrilineal, but multi-generational units are evolving to support working women, with a growing emphasis on shared care infrastructure.
Indian women are increasingly transitioning from "bread makers" to "bread winners" as participation in the workforce and higher education grows. ResearchGate
The Silent Revolution: How Women are Redefining Their Roles in India