Fixing immediate life threats like low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), low body temperature, and dehydration.
While a lack of food is the most direct cause, the roots of PEM are often much deeper:
The WHO provides a standard 10-step protocol for the management of severe malnutrition, which is a vital inclusion for any medical PPT: Treat/prevent hypoglycemia. Treat/prevent hypothermia. Treat/prevent dehydration. Correct electrolyte imbalance. Treat/prevent infection. Correct micronutrient deficiencies. Start cautious feeding. Achieve catch-up growth. Provide sensory stimulation and emotional support. Prepare for follow-up after recovery. Prevention Strategies
Brittle, thinning, or "flag sign" (bands of different colors). Liver: Often enlarged and fatty (hepatomegaly). Marasmus (The "Wasting" Disease) Extreme Wasting: Loss of muscle mass and subcutaneous fat. Old Man Face: Shrunken, wrinkled appearance.
Environmental Factors: Natural disasters or conflicts that lead to food insecurity. Clinical Features and Diagnosis